Groundwater Conditions in Mewat, Haryana, India

Present study was carried out for hydro-chemical characterization of groundwater in Mewat district, Haryana and assessed the suitability of groundwater quality for domestic and irrigation purposes. A total of 11 representative groundwater samples were collected in the months of March, May, August and September, 2016 were analysed to detect EC, ions and stable isotopes. Electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 759 to 32300 μ S/cm with an average value of 6850 μ S/cm at 250C in March, 700 to 30700 μ S/cm with an average value of 6803 μ S/cm in May, 783 to 27100 μ S/cm with an average value of 4743 μ S/cm in August and 790 to 27700 μ S/cm with an average value of 6602 μ S/cm in November. The decrease in EC in the month of August may be due to dilution effect of rainfall. A strong positive correlation (R = 0.9975) was observed between EC and Chloride concentration with P-Value < 0.00001. The result is significant at p < 0.01; p < 0.05; p < 0.10. The δ18O values enriched from-7.7‰ in March to-5.6‰ in May and these values found depleted in August and November to-5.9‰ showing seasonal variations in isotopic composition of groundwater. Based on the variations in the values of EC and isotope values, it showed that there is a need for comprehensive groundwater research for salinity assessment, training and education for soil and water management, quality monitoring for variation in hydrochemical characterization, and aquifer remediation by adopting relevant measures. The problems of water scarcity and salinity in groundwater are more pronounced in the district; this study is very useful for further investigations and research towards finding solutions of water issues at Mewat.