1Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
3Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
4Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
5Nitte (Deemed to be University), KS Hegde Medical Academy, Central Research Laboratory, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
*Corresponding Author: Venkatachalam Perumal, Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai - 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: venkip@yahoo.com
Online Published on 08 January, 2026.
Radiation therapy is implemented as palliative treatment using X-ray either via conventional/fractionated regime to treat breast cancer patients where radio-resistance remains a challenge. Low followed by higher doses of radiation results in non-targeted effect of radiation known as (RIAR), which is considered a causal factor for the occurrence of radio-resistance. Genes were collected from NCBI database, literature, and enriched using Enrichr database. Understanding RIAR gene-gene interactions is essential for unravelling complex biological mechanisms in RIAR; hence, interactions among genes were performed using Cytoscape (v 3.10.2) and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes databases. The microRNAs (miRNAs) corresponding to these genes and those having roles in breast cancer were retrieved from miRNA databases, namely, miTarBase, miRDB, miRNet, and enriched using enrichMiR. Our study analysed 69 genes associated with RIAR pathways. About 19 miRNAs among RIAR and breast cancer were found to be enriched with several gene overlaps. These genes and miRNAs have profound roles in processes such as DNA repair, cell survival, cell proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, inflammation, cell migration, and cytoskeletal interactions. Our results suggest these miRNAs may serve as potential targets in altering RIAR. Targeting these miRNAs further can alter genes involved in RIAR-associated mechanisms, thereby improving the radio-therapeutic efficacy.
Radiation-induced adaptive response, Radiotherapy, Breast cancer, Gene interactions, miRNA targets
