1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha65431-65779, Saudi Arabia
2King Faisal Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Taif, Saudi Arabia
3Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
4Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of science and Technology, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
*Corresponding Author: Mohammad Melebari, Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha65799, Saudi Arabia, E-mail: melebari@bu.edu.sa
Online Published on 08 January, 2026.
The fact that multidrug-resistant bacteria are common on eggshells sold in wet markets is very vulnerable for public health, especially since eggs are often handled poorly. As part of this study, chicken eggshells from different wet markets in Taif, Makkah area, Saudi Arabia, were collected and tested for bacterial pollution. Overall, a total of 150 eggs were randomly selected and examined for both external and internal microbial contamination. The VITEK 2 antimicrobial sensitivity showed significant multidrug resistance, especially in the Salmonella enterica strain. 16S r-RNA was used to identify five types of bacteria: Escherichia hermannii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus xylosus, and a new strain of S. enterica (A10). Finding S. enterica A10 on eggshells in this area is the first narrative of its kind, showing that eggshells are an underrated way for antibiotic-resistant bacteria to spread. More protection, limits on drug use in chicken, and better cleanliness in local markets are all needed because of these results.
Antibiotic resistance, Wet market, Egg shells, Sanitation of eggs, Public health Laws, Poultry, Salmonella
