Effect of different cryoprotectants in cryopreservation of dog semen: A review

Several canine practitioners are facing limited success in canine artificial insemination using poorly assessed frozen dog semen due to unestablished set of semen evaluating parameters and semen diluents. The types of cryoprotectants plays import role in formulation of good semen diluents in canine semen cryopreservation which limits spermatozoa structure and viability in assisted reproductive technology. The cryopreservation process causes change in osmotic pressure and ice formation in spermatozoa which lead to cryoinjury and loss of viability and membrane integrity in post-thaw spermatozoa. This causes poor sperm quality and so poor fertility. The efficient cryoprotectants are those which penetrate deeper of spermatozoa and non-toxic. Glycerol and ethylene glycol are the most commonly used cryoprotectant for dog spermatozoa and other cryoprotective agents have been tested only sporadically. Hence, selection of better cryoprotectants based semen diluents and evaluation parameters of post-thaw semen is very much important for successful canine breeding to achieve dissemination of genetic material even after death, overcome quarantine restrictions, prevent venereal infections and semen exchange without moving stud dogs for breeding, etc. Therefore, establishing an efficient cryopreservation technique for dog sperm would be an essential resource for better dog breeding systems. The present article present the details reviews on cryopreservation of dog semen, different cryoprotectants and semen evaluation parameters for determining better production of quality dog semen.

HIGHLIGHTS

Cryopreservation helps to preserve semen to the long period of time.

Cryoprotectants includes all the required constutuents which protects the sperms from several sperm abnormalities.