Clinico-diagnostic studies on hepatic disorders in dogs

In the present study, 88 dogs were diagnosed with hepatic disorders based on clinical manifestations, haemato-biochemistry and diagnostic Imaging. All the cases exhibited clinical manifestations of inappetance and anorexia, vomition, anemia, diarrhea, pyrexia, lethargy, icterus, abdominal pain, emaciation, ascites, weight gain, weight loss, respiratory distress, limb edema, nervous signs, polyuria and polydipsia. Significantly decreased Hb and TEC with elevated TLC and neutrophil count were common hematological abnormalities. Similarly, elevated activity of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and globulin with decreased levels of total protein, albumin, glucose and serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium and chloride) were common biochemical findings recorded in dogs affected with hepatic disorders. Ground glass appearance, hepatomegaly and normal liver size were the common radiographic findings Based on ultrasonographic evaluation carried out on the suspected cases of hepatic disorders, revealed changes in size (normal reducedand enlarged), echogenecity, (hyper, hypo andmixed echogenicity), margins (sharp, rounded and irregular), portal and hepatic veins (Normal and inapparent), hypoechoic masses and anechoic fluid.