Study on Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine and Human Schistosomiasis in Bahir Dar and its Surrounding Areas

The study was conducted from November 2010 to March 2011 in Bahir Dar and its surrounding areas, north-western Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of Bovine schistosomosis and its associated risk factors. A cross sectional study was conducted on coproscopical, abattoir examination to bovine schistosomosis and retrospective study three years health institution record to assess human schistosomiasis. A total of 400 cattle were examined, 300 cattle for field survey and 100 cattle for abattoir survey. From the 300 cattle, 24.3%(n=73) were found for schistosoma bovis on coproscopic examination. The prevalence of schistosomosis with regarded to body conditions was found 10.3% (poor), 12.3% (medium) and 1.7% (good) and has also statistically significant difference (p= 0.00). The prevalence of the disease was higher in local breed cattle (24.9%) than cross breed cattle (Local x Holstein-Friesian) (18.52%). The prevalence of the disease in was higher in extensive management system (25.18%) than semi-intensive management system (15.38%). However it has no statistically significant difference (P=0.201) between the two management systems. In the second part of the study, 100 cattle slaughtered at Bahir Dar municipal abattoir were examined. Out of these 22% (n=22) harbored Schistosoma bovis in their mesenteric and portal veins and 10% (n=10) in coproscopic examination of slaughtered animals. In the third study the infection rate of S. mansoni in human the rate decreases in three consecutive years (2000, 2001, and 2002; 45.1%, 37.0% and 9.8%) respectively. The rate of schistosomiasis was highest in young people (69.0%), adult (15.3%) and old people (7.5%).