Applied Anatomy of the Head Region of the Indian Wild Pig (Sus scrofa) and its Clinical Value during Regional Anesthesia

The present study involved some osteometric parameters of the upper jaws and mandibles of adult Indian wild pigs without any apparent skeletal disorders. The supraorbital foramina distance, infraorbital foramina distance, skull length, skull width, cranial length and nasal length of the Indian wild pig were 4.56±0.056 cm, 6.54±0.063 cm, 32.55±0.40 cm, 22.90±0.24 cm, 18.27±0.17 cm and 14.93±0.13cm, respectively. The skull of the Indian wild pig was dolichocephalic according to the skull index. The skull index was 70.56±0.22. In addition, the distances from process of alveolar socket of canine tooth to the infraorbital canal and from the latter to root of the fourth upper premolar tooth were 5.40±0.048 cm and 3.57±0.069 cm, respectively. The length and height of the mandible were 33.25±0.30 cm and 16.88±0.124 cm, respectively. Furthermore, the distances from the lateral alveolar root to mental foramen and from the mental foramen to caudal mandibular border were 3.00±0.028 cm and 29.33±0.374 cm, respectively. In the present study, the distances from mandibular foramen to the base of mandible as well as from caudal border of mandible to below of the mandibular foramen were 7.44±0.069 cm and 7.04±0.05 cm, respectively. Also, the distances from the base of mandible to condyloid fossa and from the latter to the maximum height of mandible were 15.96±0.14 cm and 0.98±0.017 cm, respectively. Finally, the distance from caudal border of mandible to mandibular foramen and from the latter to mandibular angle were 7.76±0.041 cm and 7.13±0.082 cm, respectively.