1Department of Remedial Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
2Department of Chemistry, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
*Corresponding author email id: eseyinae@gmail.com
Low-temperature pyrolysis (LTP) involves heating biomass at a temperature of 380°C or less in an inert atmosphere. LTP has been applied to produce high value added chemicals, fuels, gases and other valuable outputs from biomass. The products of LTP include pyrolysis oil, pyrolytic char, gas and water. Currently, a lot of attention has been drawn to the liquid and gaseous products of LTP. Low-temperature conversion has been applied to transform a vast range of biomass feedstocks of industrial, urban and agricultural origins into value added products. Bio-oils and significant quantities of bio-chars were produced by LTP at 200°C and 250°C, using a simple reactor, contributing to the world's need for liquid fuels and ultimately, chemical production. Many techniques and processes have been developed to increase yields and improve qualities of two target products of LTP: bio-oil and bio-char. Torrefaction in the low-temperature range has been applied to improve and enhance biomass utilisation efficiency.
Biomass, Low-temperature pyrolysis, Torrefaction, Bio-oil, Bio-char, Catalyst
