Bioinformatics Tools in Genomic and Proteomic Research (Review)

Bioinformatics is the rapidly growing and developing field in computational science era. The major databases which are useful for life science research are NCBI, DDBJ, EMBL, TIGR, PDB, SWIEE-PROT and TrEMBL. These databases are public databases, conduct research in computational biology, and develop software tools for analyzing genome data.

The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) and (FASTA) Fast Approximation of Smith and Waterman Algorithm for comparing gene and protein sequences against others in public databases.

Sequence entries in the major genomic databases currently rise exponentially, because of that the gap between available, deposited sequence data and analysis by means of conventional molecular biology is rapidly increasing, it means that new approaches of genomic and proteomic analysis necessary.

In present review, we describe the basic bioinformatics tools and databases for genomic and proteomic research such as: Computational genomics, Genomic databases, Sequence alignment, Proteomic Databases, Gene prediction, Promoter prediction and for proteomic research such as: secondary structure prediction, molecular modeling. In such a way bioinformatics plays a wide role in gainful research in genomics and proteomics.