Estimation of different sub-components of head in the total pumping head for groundwater irrigation in Rai block of Sonipat district

Pumping head is one of the most important factors affecting energy use in groundwater irrigated areas. This study was conducted in the Rai block of the Sonipat district to investigate different sub-components of pumping head. A total of 35 submersible pumpsets operated by electrical power were selected for the study. Different head losses were calculated using both primary data of farmers and actual parameters measured at the site. The total system head varied between 11.46-45.36 m for the selected pumpsets. Pumping water level accounted for 70.01 to 91.69 per cent of the total pumping head. Averaged over the selected pump sets, pumping water level accounted for 80.25 per cent of the total system head followed by friction losses (15.26%), height of the delivery pipe (3.02%) and velocity head (1.46%). Considering the importance of pumping water level in the total system head, it is suggested that groundwater level should be raised through suitable measures in the study area to reduce energy consumption. Additionally, suitable mechanical rectification measures should be undertaken to reduce friction losses and promote energy conservation.