Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provides Potential Insights Into The Mechanism Of Camel Milk In Regulating Alcoholic Liver Disease In Mice

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a general term used to refer to these alcohol-related liver damage. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of camel milk (CM) in an ALD mouse model and its underlying mechanism at the transcriptome level. Male C57BL/6NCr were divided into 3 groups: normal diet (NC) ; normal diet, then ethanol (ET); and normal diet, then ethanol and camel milk (ET+CM). Comparative hepatic transcriptome analysis among the groups was performed by Illumina RNA sequencing. The result showed that a total of 526.76+19.87, 563.04+17.84, and 513.56+20.41 million clean reads were obtained for the NC, ET, and ET+CM groups, respectively. Compared with the Et group, 423 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (including 160 upregulated and 263 downregulated genes) were identified in the NC group, and 186 differentially expressed genes (including 62 upregulated and 124 downregulated genes) were identified in the ET+CM group. The enrichment analyses revealed that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway enriched the most differentially expressed genes. The findings of this study provide insights into the development of nutrition-related therapies for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) with camel milk.