Surgical repair of bilateral mandibular fracture using external skeletal fixation (ESF) technique in six dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Six camels (3 male and 3 female) with age group of 7 to 13 year were presented with mandibular fracture. In all the animals bilateral mandibular fractures were confirmed by clinical and radiographical examination. Fracture was surgically managed by external skeletal fixation (ESF) under general anaesthesia using Xylazine HCL @ 0.4 mg/ kg BW along with Ketamine @ 2 mg/kg BW, intravenously. End threaded negative profile pins (3 mm) were used at the rostral and caudal side (bilateral) of fracture fragments. The average period of fracture healing was 10.83±1.11 weeks on follow-up period. This technique was found safe and achieved the rigid fixation at the fracture site in both the transverse and oblique type of mandibular fracture effectively.