Probiotic Application in Livestock Farming: A Prospective Review of India and Russia

Livestock farming has been the backbone of food and livelihood security in India and Russian Federation. With the advancement in technology, more and more emphasis has been given to healthy and hygienic livestock production. Classically, antimicrobials and antibiotics were used to treat infections as well as growth promoters in livestock industry. However, rapid development of antibiotics resistance among pathogenic microorganisms, their residual effects in food products and environment has called for alternative and safe compounds with equivalent efficacy. Probiotics are such compounds that are now rapidly advancing and providing safe alternative for improvement of production potential and immune status of animals with no adverse effect on food chain or environment. India and Russian Federation has experienced an unprecedented growth in agriculture and animal husbandry in past two decades. Owing to the positive effects of probiotics their advancement and application is increasing in both countries to address variety of issues related with safe and sustainable animal production.