Phenotypic Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase Producing Escherichia coli among Chickens, Cage Swabs and Wastewaters from Poultry in Indonesia

The aim of the research is to detect Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli among chickens, cage swabs and wastewaters from poultry in Indonesia.

A total of 426 samples were collected, consisting of 200 chicken small intestine contents, 149 cage swabs and 77 wastewater. Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli were carried out on samples, followed by antimicrobial resistance testing using the Kirby-bauer diffusion test method. Phenotypic ESBL confirmation testing uses the double disc synergy test (DDST).

Of the 264 Escherichia coli isolates, 19.3% (n = 51) were confirmed ESBL producers, out of which 58.8% (n = 30) were obtained from ayam and 41.2% (n = 21) from poultry environments. Out of a total of 21 Escherichia coli isolates from poutry environments, 80.9% (n = 17) were from cage swabs and 19.1% (n = 4) from wastewaters. Based on these results, it can be seen that chickens can be considered as a transmission medium for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and play a role in its spread into the environment which can ultimately pose a risk to public health. Coordinated and appropriate action is needed to reduce its impact now and in the future.