Recent Advances in Diagnosis of Oral Cancer

Oral carcinogenesis is a stepwise accumulation of genetic damage over time. Technological and therapeutic advances are needed to improve the poor outcomes associated with oral cancer due to our inability to diagnose and treat this disease at an early stage. Advances in molecular biology over the past decade have helped us to enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between genetic, transcriptional, and translational alterations in human cancers. This review provides a summary of comprehensive diagnostic modalities that can be used for early detection, which is crucial for its ultimate control and prevention.