1Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Sakri, Bilaspur
2Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Sakri, Bilaspur
3Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Sakri, Bilaspur
4Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Sakri, Bilaspur
*Corresponding Author E-Mail: swatantra.1281@gmail.com
Online published on 18 January, 2019.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the systemic metabolic diseases characterized by oral complications that influence quality of life of patients. Questionnaires are valuable tools to estimate the effect of diabetes on the oral and general health of the patients.
The aim and objectives of this study was to analyze the oral health and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh and to assess the validity and reliability of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and oral health impact profile-14(OHIP-14)questionnaires in determining OHRQL.
A cross sectional survey study comprised of 110 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus, referred to the Diabetes Clinic, and data was collected by GOHAI and OHIP-14 questionnaires. 57diabetic patients on oral hypoglycemics and with adequate dietary control were kept as controlled group. Whereas 53 patients undiagnosed/randomly diagnosed as diabetics with reference to their symptoms and oral findings were kept as uncontrolled group. Collected data was statistically analyzed by student t test and pearson's correlation test.
The results showed that scores of the uncontrolled diabetic group patients were more in both the questionnaires GOHAI and OHIP. 79.2%, 67.9%, 64.1% and 86.8% experienced difficulty in chewing, swallowing, speaking, and during eating respectively (p=0.000), 71.7% patients had trouble in pronouncing words, 83% felt that their sense of taste had worsened, 86.8% felt pain in the mouth, and 86.8% were uncomfortable during eating (p=0.000). Moreover, there was a strong correlation between GOHAI, OHIP-14 and levels of HbA1c.
In diabetic patients to some extent, oral problems affect oral health-related quality of life. This study showed ability of GOHAI in determining physical function and pain whereas OHIP-14 determined multiple aspects like functional limitation, pain, psychological disability and social problems and physical handicaps. It should be pointed out that GOHAI and OHIP-14 could be used as an intermediary tool to establish a relationship between diabetic and oral health status of the patients.
Diabetes Mellitus, GOHAI, Oral Health Related Quality Of Life,
