Lepidopterous stem borers injurious to cereal crops are infected by an array of diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, nematodes and protozoa. Integration of potential entomopathogens in pest management proved to be effective and ecofriendly. However, application cost, availability, practicality and awareness among farmers are major constraints for large scale adoption. Considering the increasing demand for cereal grains without pesticides, biological control of stem borers by using pathogens may be advocated in future in the tropics.
