Egg parasitoids: Biology and parasitic efficiency on Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, and Telenomus remus Nixon of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith and Corcyra cephalonica Stainton were studied in the laboratory to determine their biology and parasitism capacity. The overall results on biology and efficiency of parasitism of T. chilonis, T. pretiosum and T. remus evidenced that the egg-larval period (4.40, 4.16 and 4.42; 4.74, 4.88 and 4.66 days), the prepupal-pupal period (4.70, 6.24 and 5.80; 6.28, 6.04 and 6.08 days), the total developmental period (9.10, 10.40 and 10.22; 11.02, 10.92 and 10.74 days), the per cent adult emergence (94.18, 96.70 and 0.90; 97.75, 98.78 and 96.80 per cent), the sex ratio (1:1.90, 1:1.58 and 1:1.25; 1:1.89, 1:1.82 and 1:1.52), the adult longevity of male (3.62, 3.36 and 1.18; 4.22, 3.46 and 1.32 days) and female (5.18, 7.56 and 7.04; 5.60, 7.42 and 7.22 days,) and the total life-cycle duration of male (12.72, 13.76 and 11.40; 15.24, 14.38 and 11.94 days) and female (14.28, 17.96 and 17.26; 16.62, 18.34 and 17.84 days) on the C. cephalonica and S. frugiperda eggs, respectively recorded under laboratory condition at 28 ± 3°C temperature, in a CRD replicated 5 times.