Arthropoda fauna associated with lac insect host plants in Punjab

Present investigation was conducted to document the arthropoda fauna associated with lac host plants, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam, Flemingia semialata Roxb. and F. macrophylla (Willd.) in Punjab. Thirty nine insect species from seven orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, Blattodea, Hymenoptera and Thysanoptera; two species each of mite and spider of order Acari were recorded on Z. mauritiana. Coleoptera was the predominant order with 41.86% relative abundance followed by Lepidoptera (18.60%), Hemiptera (16.28%), Acari (9.30%), Diptera (4.65%), Isoptera (4.65%), Hymenoptera (2.33%) and Thysanoptera (2.33%). On Flemingia spp., about 30 species of insects of orders Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea with relative abundance of 16.7, 20.0, 33.3, 26.7, 3.3%, respectively and 4 species of spiders of order Acari were recorded.