Phytochemical profile and insecticidal potential of Callistemon lanceolatus and Lantana camara essential oils against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum

The present study examines the adulticidal toxicity of Lantana camara flower and Callistemon lanceolatus leaf essential oils against Tribolium castaneum (Red flour beetle) and Sitophilus oryzae (Rice weevil). L. camara Essential Oil (LCEO) and C. lanceolatus Essential Oil (CLEO) were hydrodistilled and analyzed using GC-MS to determine their phytochemical profiles. Major constituents were identified as Eucalyptol, β-Myrcene, 2-Menthene, β-thujene, Cymol, limonene and Terpinyl propionate in L. camara essential oil and Eucalyptol, α-pinene, Borneol, 1,6-octadien-4-ol,4,7-dimethyl, α-Terpineol and Terpinyl propionate in C. lanceolatus essential oil. Following 24, 48, and 72 hours of exposure, The LC₅₀ (LC₉₀) values in case of C. lanceolatus were 117.55, 105.00 and 88.79 ppm (315.85, 281.36 and 217.91 ppm) against S. oryzae adults while the LC₅₀ values for T. castaneum adults were 139.04, 124.54 and 99.39 ppm (278.83, 400.02 and 453.57 ppm). Similar to this, the LC₅₀ (LC₉₀) values for L. camara against S. oryzae adults were 143.44, 106.05, and 88.06 ppm (208.23, 310.86, and 483.48 ppm), while the LC₅₀ values for T. castaneum after 24, 48, and 72 hours of exposure were 171.99, 133.22, and 103.30 ppm (689.61, 432.87, and 306.02 ppm), respectively. Mortality rates increased with increasing exposure periods and concentration.