1ICAR-KVK, Dharwad-580 008, Karnataka, India
2School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bolangir-767 001, Odisha, India
M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi-761 211, Odisha, India
*Corresponding authors’ E-mail : nihal.ravindranath@gmail.com
Online Published on 15 July, 2025.
Seed samples of Pongamia pinnata, Pachyrhizus erosus, Annona squamosa and Ricinus communis were extracted using solvents of varying polarity. The extracts were formulated into ECs with different emulsifiers and solvents to enhance stability and were field tested against paddy leaf folder. Among the tested treatments, the chemical check Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG (T14) exhibited the highest efficacy, reducing the larval population by 80.79% over control, followed by P. pinnata 10 EC (methanolic extract, T1) (76.35%) and A. squamosa 10 EC (methanolic extract, T7) (72.91%). The least effective treatments were A. squamosa 10 EC (hexane extract, T9) (26.60%) and R. communis 10 EC (hexane extract, T12) (19.21%). The highest yield was recorded in T14 (37.52 q/ha), T1 (35.69 q/ha), and T7 (34.53 q/ha), significantly outperforming the untreated control (T15 = 6.87 q/ha).
Annona squamosa, Leaf folder, Oryza sativa, Pachyrhizus erosus, Pongamia pinnata, Ricinus communis