Mode, type and distribution of injuries in non-fatal road traffic accidents – An Indian study

Non - fatal road traffic accidents (RTAs) of late, are showing a rising trend globly. The aim of the present study evaluate mode, type and distribution of injuries in non-fatal road traffic accident victims admitted in SRN hospital, attached to MLN Medical college, Allahabad UP. In the preset study non-fatal RTAs victims admitted to orthopaedic, surgery or emergency departments of SRN hospital during June 2005 to May 2006 were taken into consideration. All victims were thoroughly interviewed for the required information and followed upto a maximum of 30 days where necessary. Out of 153 admitted cases of non-fatal RTAs during 30 days follow up 31 fatalities occurred whereas 22 cases left against medical advice. Out of 100 cases, M:F ratio was 9:1. Maximum (26%) cases were in the age group 21–30 years. Motorized two wheeler occupants (46%) were most commonly involved. Of total 160 injuries, primary impact injuries were 53. 75% followed by secondary injuries 46.25%. In primary impact injuries lower extremity was most frequently involved (67.4%). Regarding secondary injuries head and neck injuries were commonest (48.6%) followed by lower extremities (19.0%). Fractures were the commonest injuries (57.6%) followed by laceration (26.3%). Bones of lower extremity were more commonly involved 69.6%.

In conclusion, the important features of non-fatal RTAs were involvement of younger age group predominantly of male individuals, increased incidence of primary impact injuries and more commonly fractures particularly of lower limbs.