Tolerance of Hexavalent Chromium by Raphanus Sativus CV. J.W

Application of 1 × 10-²M to 1 × 10-¹⁰M (from 519.9mg/L to 5199× 10-⁹mg/L) Cr⁶⁺ on seeds of Raphanus sativus cv. J.W, showed decreased seed germination in higher and lower doses while middle doses showed relatively lesser effect. After seed germination two doses were selected i.e. 1 × 10-4M (5.199mg/L) and 1 × 10-⁷M (5.199μg/L) for further studies on Cr6+ uptake, seedling growth and enzyme activity. In 1 × 10 M, amount of chromium uptake was higher which decreased the development of seedling parts and activity of acid phosphatase and proteases. In contrast, α-amylase and alkaline phosphatase showed increased activity in comparison to control. In case of 1 × 10 M treatment seeds absorbed lesser amount of chromium due to which development of seedling parts and enzyme activity showed promotion in comparison to control except alkaline phosphatase.