Anatomy and distribution of polysaccharide during anther development in Azadirachta indica A. juss.

The present investigation is aimed to determine the complete microsporogenesis in Azadirachta indica A. Juss. The anther of Azadirachta indica was studied by light microscopy with special reference to the development of anther and histochemical analysis of insoluble polysaccharides. The anther Azadirachta indica is tetrasporangiate and it consists of six wall layers i.e. single layer of epidermis and endothecium, three middle wall layers and one tapetal layer. The anther wall formation in Azadirachta indica A. Juss. is basic type. The primordium consists of homogenous mass of cells which having uniform distribution of polysaccharides. At sporogenous cells, starch grains are present in middle layers and connective. Meiocyte shows moderate amount of carbohydrate with prominent nucleus. The secretary cells are present near the connective and tapetum. Secretary cells are having starch grains. Tetrahedral tetrads are present with surrounding richly stained thick callose wall. Tapetum and middle layers are starts to degenerate in the vacuolated microspore stage. The pollen grains clearly shows exine and intine and it contains abundant starch grains. The multiple fibrous thickening is formed in dehisced stage with rich content of polysaccharides.