1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar Uttar Pradesh
2Department of Veterinary Biochemistry and Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttar Pradesh
3Institute of Biotechnology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Patwadangar, Pantnagar, (Uttarakhand), INDIA
*Email id: tanuambwani@rediffmail.com
Online published on 2 November, 2011.
Cow therapy is an old system of medicine mentioned in ancient Indian literature ‘Ayurveda’ as ‘panchgavya chikitsa’. The cow urine has been reported to be of great therapeutic value in wide spectrum of diseases. Some researchers have reported the immunomodulatory properties of cow urine. Pesticides exert deleterious effects on immune system even at low dose levels. Propoxur is an insecticide belonging to carbamate group of pesticides with moderate mammalian toxicity. Present communication reports ameliorating effects of cow urine on propoxur induced immunotoxicity in chicken lymphocytes cell culture system employing lymphocyte proliferation assay and cytokine assay for IL 1 and IL 2. There was a marked reduction in B and T cells proliferation in avian lymphocytes due to the exposure of thousand times dilution of No Observable Effect Level (NOEL/103) dose of propoxur while cow urine treated avian lymphocytes displayed significant increase in B and T cells blastogenesis. There was a significant increase in B and T cell proliferation when cells were exposed to combination treatments of propoxur and cow urine in comparison to propoxur treated cells. There was significant down regulation of IL 1 and IL 2 levels in propoxur treated cells in comparison to control untreated cells while levels of both the interleukins increased in cow urine treated cells.
Propoxur, cow urine, immunomodulation, cytokines, avian lymphocytes
