Biosensor's Use in Detection of Animal Diseases and Enhancing Production

During last one decade biosensor-based methodologies have gained their impact in several fields like infectious disease diagnosis, animal reproduction, industrial sectors, environmental monitoring and others. Biosensor-based techniques got more consideration due to their advantages like highly sensitive, specific, miniaturised, low cost, portable and able to provide rapid response in emergency situations. Infectious diseases are known to be the major causes of the loss in animal production system due to mortality and morbidities. In this scenario, early diagnosis of infection will limit the loss in production and further inhibit the spread of disease. During any infection, there occurs several changes in the host immune system and their detection by the use of biosensors could help to develop easy point-of-care diagnosis and also evaluation of immunological response system in individual as well as at herd level. Several biomarkers are also nowadays very useful for the diagnosis of common clinical conditions like mastitis, pneumonia, enteritis and others. Biosensors have role in production system like detection of estrous by using pheromones. This review will provide strategies of using biosensor for diagnosis of several economically important infectious diseases and other clinical conditions affecting livestock and animal health.