Immunopathology of Arsenic-Induced Toxicity in Aquatic Organisms: An Overview

Sarah R, Saminathan M, Idrees N, Verma M and Tabassum B (2020). Immunopathology of Arsenic-Induced Toxicity in Aquatic Organisms: An Overview. Journal of Immunology Immunopathology, 22(1): 66-72.

Fishes have been proven to be valuable model to explore the consequences of toxicants uptake, bioaccumulation and their effect on metabolic and immune functions. Hence, fishes represent an important environmental sentinel. The haematological parameters of fishes viz., red blood cells, white blood cells and haemoglobin usually helpful in indicating the environmental pollution in aquatic ecosystem, and arsenic can cause changes in haematologic parameters. Arsenic exposure in fishes leads to immunotoxic effects which could alter immune functions. Fisheries are the fastest growing sector in India, which provides nutrition and food security to huge population of the country besides providing income and employment to quite many people. Hence, fishes need to be examined for general health status to prevent the deleterious effects of heavy metals mainly arsenic, which affects their growth, development and immunity. Therefore, the review was compiled to reveal the significant effects of arsenic toxicity in aquatic organisms. This review may be of helpful to safeguard the health of aquatic organisms as well as public at large.