Revisiting Mastitis- An Immunopathophysiological View

Mastitis is a worldwide threat to dairy industries causing severe economic losses. It is regarded as a production disease due to production losses, mainly due to inflammation and oxidative stress induced by the pathogens involved in the mastitis. The involvement of multiple etiological agents with diversified origin and sources, it is difficult to prevent the disease. The present review outlined the causes and pathophysiology involved in mastitis. Understanding of the mechanism involved may lead to finding out an amicable way to overcome mastitis. It may lead to minimizing losses by intervening the process, its mechanism and the events involved in molecular mechanisms of inflammation and oxidative stress induced in udder and all over the body. However, early diagnosis and implementation of corrective measures to maintain homeostasis and controlling the udder environment may result in no or minimum damage to udder tissues, that may reduce the losses drastically by maintaining the contemporary and prospective productivity of the animal.