Evaluating the Impact of Badri Cow Urine Distillate on the Serum Biochemical Profile of Wistar Rats

This study investigated the effects of Badri cow urine distillate on the biochemical parameters of Wistar rats. A total of 35 rats were randomly allocated into two groups, namely Group I (GI) and Group II (GII). Group I, which included 20 rats, served as the control group. Group II consisted of 15 rats, which were administered cow urine distillate orally at a dose of 0.25 ml per day per rat, along with drinking water, for a period of 90 days. Blood samples were obtained from 5 rats in each group (control and test) at four specific time points: the 0th, 30th, 60th, and 90th days post-treatment in clot activator vials, and serum was carefully collected. Various biochemical parameters, including total serum protein, serum albumin, serum globulin, serum glucose, serum total cholesterol, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and serum alanine transaminase (ALT), were assessed using commercial kits with the brand name Erba. Group II rats exhibited a statistically significant increase (12.59%) in mean total serum protein levels at 90 days of treatment, suggesting anabolic effects on protein metabolism. Serum albumin levels in Group II rats did not significantly differ from those in Group I, indicating stable liver function. However, mean serum globulin levels notably increased (53.36%) in Group II rats, with potential implications for immunological and nutritional aspects. Significant decreases were observed in mean serum glucose (-7.88%) and cholesterol levels (-14.06%) in Group II rats, aligning with the anti-diabetic and, anti-atherosclerotic effects also reported in previous studies. The rise in serum calcium (27.22%) suggests potential benefits for bone health and other physiological functions. Additionally, significant reductions in mean serum uric acid (-1.86%) and triglyceride levels (-14.54%) were noted. The study also indicated an increase in mean serum creatinine (13.33%) and phosphorus (11.76%). Notably, Group II rats showed decreased mean serum ALT (-3.05%) and AST (-6.38%) values, suggesting a potential hepatoprotective role of Badri cow urine distillate. These findings contribute to understanding the impact of cow urine distillate on the serum biochemical of Wistar rats, highlighting its potential therapeutic effects on various physiological functions of the body.