Exploring the relationship between hypothyroidism, iron, and vitamin D3: Insights from Pathankot, Punjab

Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health issue, and its significance as an immunological modulator has lately been highlighted. The evidence is growing that vitamin D plays an important role in lowering the occurrence of autoimmune disorders. However, the study on its impact in autoimmune and thyroid diseases is still inconclusive. We aimed to examine the relationship between Hypothyroidism, Iron, and Vitamin D3 in Pathankot, Punjab. This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2023 to September 2021 among 600 adults aged 18 to 45 in Pathankot, Punjab. After obtaining written informed consent, the individuals’ demographics and biochemical characteristics (thyroid profile, vitamin D profile, iron profile) were assessed. The present study demonstrated that both serum iron and vitamin D concentrations were significantly (p < 0.01) lower among the hypothyroid female subjects than the control group. Negative linear correlation was established between TSH and serum iron, r = (-1.00), p < 0.01, and also between TSH and vitamin D, r = (-1.00), p < 0.01. Furthermore, we found that individuals over 50 years of age were more likely to suffer from vitamin D deficiency, iron deficiency, and hypothyroidism. These deficiencies underscore the importance of early screening and intervention in patients with hypothyroidism. In Pathankot, Punjab, adult females with hypothyroidism exhibited deficiencies in vitamin D and iron, according to the findings of the study. Early monitoring of thyroid function, as well as comprehensive assessment of vitamin D and iron profiles, is therefore imperative. Supplements can thus be administered to avert subsequent health complications, such as osteoporosis and iron deficiency anaemia, in cases where vitamin D and iron deficiencies are detected early.