Promising DNA vaccines: Progress and modifications of tuberculosis prophylaxis

Tuberculosis is an important zoonosis affecting man and animals, especially in the developing countries. The vaccines available for prophylaxis of TB do not have complete agreement of the results. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a potent vaccine. Till date several DNA vaccines encoding protective genes of various pathogens are produced. In the field of TB vaccination, various modifications with different routes of inoculation are being tested in laboratories viz., use of individual microbial genes, cocktail of different protective genes, peptide boost inoculation, fusion genes and cytokines fusion gene immunizations, lipids and microsphere encapsulation of DNA vaccine, pulmonary delivery with immunotherapy with promising results. In this review we try to explain the current developments in the field of TB genetic immunizations.