Soils of Udaipur valley have developed in alluvium derived from phyllites, biotite schists, limestones and quartzites. Alluvium depth is highly variable and is controlled by local bedrock. A weakly developed argillic horizon and a sequence of horizonation reveal moderate soil development. Texturally the soils are sandy loam to clay loam, lithological discontinuity exists and the soils are generally calcareous. A calcic horizon is also present in most of the profiles. CEC of total soil and clay content vary from 13.1 to 25.5 m.e./100 g and 14.8 to 38.5%, respectively. Silica sesquioxide ratios, CEC of soils, K2O content of clays and X-ray diffraction data show predominance of illitic and montmorillonitic day minerals.
Characterization, alluvial soils, morphology, chemical composition, clay mineralogy
