Characterization and Classification of Some Problematic Vertisols in Semi-arid Ecosystem of Maharashtra Plateau

Four representative problematic Vertisols occurring on upper and lower Maharashtra (Deccan) plateau distributed in continuously irrigated zone of Ahmednagar and Akola districts under semi-arid ecosystem were characterized and classified. Khondwad (pedon 1) and Kadambhe (pedon 2) soils of piedmont plain are dark grayish brown while Amalner and Valpi soils of flood plain are dark yellowish brown in colour. Amalner (Pedon 3) and Valpi soils of flood-plain showed higher CaCo₃ content than the other soils. Khondwad (pedon 1) and Amalner (P3) soils showed high electrical conductivity at 1:25 soil water ratio while the other soils Khadarnbhe (Pedon 2) and Valpi (pedon 4) showed high exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). In all the pedons the sodium adsorption ratios have increased witb depth and attained maximum in slickenside zone. In general chlorides (Cl), sulphates (SO₄²) and bicarbonate (HCO₃) dominate in the soil environment. All the pedons have a zone of slickensides. Based on these properties the Khondwad (P1) and Amalner (P3) soils are classified as Halic Haplusterts while other soils are grouped under Sodic Haplusterts.