Analysis of Variance Components for Quantitative Traits in F₂ Population of Cucumis melo L. derived from the Cross Cucumis melo ssp. agrestis (local cultivar) × Cucumis melo ssp. momordica (Snap melon)

An experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2023 at the College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, to evaluate the genetic variability of yield and quality traits in a 235-member F₂ population of Cucumis melo L. The study utilized an augmented block design with three checks. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for nearly all traits, indicating substantial genetic variability. The range of variation was widest for individual fruit weight (110–930 g), yield per vine (480–5180 g), shelf life (5–16d), and total soluble solids (3.10–6.71°Brix). Genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) were lower than phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) for all traits, suggesting environmental influence on trait expression. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance over mean (GAM) was observed for all traits except days to first male and female flower appearance. These findings suggest that selection for most traits can be effective, with the exception of flowering time traits.