Comparative Evaluation of Propofol and Ketofol on Cardio-Respiratory Parameters during Ovariohysterectomy in Pyometritic Bitches

Canine pyometra is a hormonally regulated condition affecting multiple systems during the diestrus phase, with potential grave consequences if untreated. Ovariohysterectomy stands as the optimal therapeutic intervention for pyometra, offering both cure and prophylaxis against future occurrences. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of induction as well as cardio-respiratory effects of two induction agents-Propofol and Ketofol in patients having pyometra. A total of twelve animals diagnosed with pyometra were divided into two equal groups (n=6). Both the group subjects were administered the pre-anaesthetic drugs (butorphanol @ 0.2 mg/kg b. wt, acepromazine @ 0.05 mg/kg b. wt. and atropine @ 0.02 mg/kg b. wt.) followed by propofol @ 4 mg per kg body weight in the propofol induction group (I), and ketofol @ 4 mg per kg body weight in the ketofol induction group (II), 15 minutes after injecting the pre-anaesthetics. During operative period, the patients were maintained by using Isoflurane. The cardiorespiratory parameters were recorded at - before-pre-anaesthetic, after pre-anaesthetic, and at post-induction intervals of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes using Multi para monitor. Haemato-biochemical parameters were recorded at pre-operative, 30 min post-induction and post-operative interval. The results revealed that the induction time as well as the mean-recovery time was significantly faster in ketofol group as compared to propofol group. Similarly lower mean concentration of isoflurane was required to maintain surgical anaesthesia in ketofol group than propofol group. The heart rate and respiration rate were comparatively lower in propofol group and maintained on higher side in ketofol group. Similarly, systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were comparatively lower but within physiological range in the propofol subgroups and remained on higher side but within physiological range in the ketofol subgroups. No significant alteration in haematological (Hb, PCV, TLC and DLC) and biochemical (AST, ALT, TP, BUN and Creatinine) parameters was recorded following administration of both type of induction agents affected with pyometra. The study concluded that induction as well as recovery was faster in ketofol group along with maintainence of anesthesia. Hence, on the basis of a better cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic stability, ketofol should be preferred over propofol in undertaking OHX surgeries in healthy as well as pyometra affected bitches.