Antibiotic usage and microbial resistance: Indian scenario

Most common organisms isolated in neonatal sepsis in India are Klebsiella, E coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Inappropriate use of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureaus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, carbepenem-resistant Pseudomonas/Acinetobacter and other multidrug-resistant bacteria. This ever-increasing problem can be encountered with better infection control measures, antibiotic stewardship and formulation of local and national antibiotic guidelines.