Depigmentation: A Review

Melanin, carotene and hemoglobin are the most common natural pigments which contribute to the normal colour of the gingiva. The physiologic gingival pigmentation is not a medical problem, but complaints about “black gums” are common. Gingival depigmentation can be carried out using non-surgical and surgical procedures. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. Selection of a technique is based on clinical experience and the individual's preferences. Removal of gingival melanin pigmentation should be performed with a caution and the adjacent teeth should be protected, as inappropriate application may cause gingival recession, damage to underlying periosteum and bone, delayed wound healing as well as loss of enamel.