Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Divya Jyoti Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
*Address for correspondence: Kamlesh Kumar Khanna, Email id: drashishsingla@gmail.com
Online published on 30 April, 2015.
Oesophageal cancer is an aggressive disease with a generally poor prognosis. Frequently, patients present late with obstructive symptoms indicating advanced tumours. Therefore, serial histopathological investigations of oesophageal cancer are now being performed more extensively, and several distinctive clinicopathological features have been demonstrated. In this review, we present some of the distinctive features of oesophageal cancer and discuss their clinicopathological significance. These characteristics include: (1) the frequent presence of lymph node metastasis, (2) the morphological features and depth of tumour invasion, (3) the synchronous and metachronous occurrence of carcinoma of other organs, (4) the frequent coexistence of squamous epithelial dysplasia, (5) the frequent coexistence of intraepithelial spread, blood vessel, and lymphatic permeation, (6) the occasional existence of intramural metastasis, (7) the frequent coexistence of multiple primary carcinomas and (8) the occasional coexistence of glandular differentiation with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Pathology, Clinical characteristics, Dysplasia, Intraepithelial spread, Primary carcinomas, Lymphatic permeation, Tumour invasion
