Role of Retainer in Orthodontics – A Review

Achieving aesthetic and functional occlusion should not mark the end of orthodontic treatment. To prevent relapse, retention requires careful advance planning, with durations varying based on the case. This review aims to present and analyze the available retention methods. Popular choices include passive, Hawley-style removable appliances, which are reliable for maintaining desired occlusion. Variations of these retainers include the Wrap Around, which extends the labial archwire to the premolars; the translucent aesthetic retainer, an aesthetic modification of the Hawley design; and a reinforced version featuring a metallic grid to strengthen the acrylic base. Vacuun-formed retainers (VFRs) are easy to produced and commonly prescribed. Conversely, fixed retainers are made of orthodontic wire and composite resin, bonded to the lingual or palatal surfaces of the anterior teeth.

When selecting the appropriate retainer patient-specific factors must be considered, and patients should be educated on the importance of retention and adherence to provided guidelines. Orthodontists have a responsibility to inform patients the characteristics and expected duration of retention before starting active treatment.