Topical immunomodulators have utility in inflammatory/immune-mediated oral mucosal disease resistant to topical steroids, in immunologically mediated systemic disease with primary oral involvement or more severe lesions primarily involving the oral mucosa. Oral mucosal conditions are accessible for surface topical treatment, and topical steroids are widely used. When the pathogenesis of the condition has an immunologic component, treatment with topical immunomodulators is relevant. The purpose of this review is to assess immunomodulating medications that have been studied for topical application to the oral mucosa.1
Immunomodulators, Oral mucosal diseases, Topical uses
