Estimation of Genetic Parameter and Character Association in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

The present study was conducted during the rabi season of 2024-25 at the research farm, Tantia university, Sri Ganganagar (Raj.). A total of 25 diverse genotypes of Indian Mustard were evaluated using a randomizes block design (RBD) with three replications. The objectives of the study were to assess the extent of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, and the correlation among the yield and yield-contributing traits. Statistical analysis of the data revealed significant genetic variation among all the studied traits, including a strong potential for improvement. Traits like seed yield per plant, number of siliquae per plant, biological yield and number of primary branches exhibited high phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV), suggesting their suitability for selection. Estimates of heritability indicated that traits such as plant heigh, siliqua length, seed yield, and maturity duration had high genetic advance, reflecting the influence of additive gene action and indicating that these traits can be effectively improved through selection. Correlation analysis showed a strong and positive association of seed yield, number of primary branches, and number of siliquae per plant, making these traits reliable selection indices. A negative correlation with days to flowering and maturity suggests that early-maturing genotypes may have higher yield potential. Hence, this study concludes that the existing genetic diversity in Indian mustard can be effectively utilized for yield improvement through selection-based breeding programs. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for breeds aiming to develop high-yielding and quality mustard varieties.