Nutritional composition of rice (Oryza saliva L.) varieties growing in Northern India under the ambient environmental conditions

The study was conducted to investigate the biochemical properties of different varieties of rice. The experiment was design in simple Randomized Bock Design and shown in ambient climatic condition (rainfall 810.40 mm, temperature 23.2–42.1°C, Relative humidity 56.4–88.05% in Kharif season). For the investigation, Pusa Basmati 1, Sarju 52, Pant 12 and Mahsuri were selected, the crop was monitored throughout the season and the required crop protection measurements were taken. Seed samples were collected after the harvesting of crop; samples were processed and studied for total protein, total sugar, Reducing sugar and non reducing sugar, amylose, total ash, methionine, tryptophan and lysine contents (g/16g N), Albumin and globulin contents (mg/100g). Nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) activities (unitlg of fresh leaves) were estimated at different period of crop growth, days after sowing (DAS). NR and NiR activities of rice at different stages were increasing significantly (P<0.05) in Sarjoo 52 variety. Total protein (8.19g/100g), total mineral content (1.30g/100g), Albumin (0.50g/100g) and globulin (0.82g/100g). Methionine (2.37g/16gN), tryptophan (1.31g/16gN) and lysine (4.35 g/16gN) contents were reported significantly (P<0.05) highest in Sarjoo 52. From our study Sarjoo 52 variety potential nutritional composition and NR and NiR activities than the other varieties so this variety should be included in human diet as per the nutritional composition is concerned.