Direct seeded rice is a reduce input of rice production in India-A Review

Rice (Oryza sativaL.))is one of the most important stable food crops in the world. In Asia, more than two billion people are getting 60–70 per cent of their energy requirement from rice and its derived products. Total geographical area under rice in India is 43.73 million hectares with annual production of 106.19 million tones with productivity 2.46 tons per ha in 2013–2014 crop year (Annual report 2014). As this crop requires standing water from transplanting to harvesting, thus cultivation of this crop is facing problems due to water shortages, particularly in Asia. Aerobic rice technique involves by direct seeding of rice in the field by skipping the practice of nursery raising as in conventional flooded rice cultivation system, is gaining ground with passage of time. The technique of direct seeded rice not only saves water but labor as well. The yield of direct seeded rice can be increased to many folds by optimizing plating pattern which is the most important agronomic practice.