Safety of EC formulations of Strychnus nux-vomica extracts to Trichogramma chilonis IShII and Chrysoperla zastrowi silemi Esben-Petersen

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to investigate the safety of EC formulations of Strychnus nux-vomica extracts to Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and Chrysoperla zastrowi silemi Esben-Petersen. The results revealed that the formulations are safe to natural enemies at the lower concentrations. All the treatments recorded greater than 80 per cent egg parasitizaton and adult emergence of T. chilonis Ishii, other than hexane leaf extract 4 per cent and hexane seed extract 3 and 4 per cent. More than 80 percent of egg hatchability, adult longetivity and oviposition of C. zastrowi silemi were recorded at the lowest concentration of hexane leaf and seed formulations.