Optimizing biological efficacy: Active ingredient selection and concentration with full hollow cone nozzle for Tetranychus urticae Koch control

The precise selection and concentration of active ingredients play a pivotal role in enhancing the mortality of T. urticae. In the present study, various parameters including droplet size, spray coverage percentage, deposition, penetrability, and distribution uniformity across the eggplant canopy were examined. Two pesticides, Dichlorvos 50% ES and Sulfur 80% WG, were used at different concentrations (50, 75, and 100 ml l^-1 for Dichlorvos and 1, 3, and 5 g l^-1 for Sulfur) in this study. The whole experiment was set up following complete randomized block design consisting of three blocks. Pesticides were applied at the test concentrations to evaluate their efficacy. The key findings involved significant variations in T. urticae mortality based on the active ingredients and their concentrations. Higher concentrations, especially of dichlorvos, exhibited a significantly high T. urticae mortality compared to sulfur. However, the deposition of active ingredients on the leaves did not influence the droplet characteristics on the target for both types. Utilizing dichlorvos at elevated concentrations during spraying has the potential to enhance control efficacy.