A reflection of female migrant workers in Ponda taluka of Goa

Labour migration has become an increasingly common trend in today’s globalized world. Within India, individuals from rural regions often migrate to urban areas in search of better job prospects and higher wages. However, the opportunities available to men and women are not equally accessible. This study focuses on unskilled and low-skilled female migrant workers in the towns of Ponda Taluka, Goa, who have relocated to the state with their spouses from other parts of India. It explores the motivations behind their migration to Goa, their demographic characteristics, employment conditions, income levels, and, most importantly, the reasons they chose to work in Goa. The study combines both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through a structured survey using a questionnaire cum schedule from 70 female migrant workers selected through purposive sampling. Secondary data were sourced from official government websites of both the Government of Goa and the Government of India. The findings show that the majority of these female workers fall within the economically active age group. While their earnings are low, they make a meaningful contribution to the household income. Most women are engaged in casual, low-wage employment, including jobs as domestic workers, factory labourers, and construction workers. The hours they work vary based on the type of work they do. For many of these women, the primary motivation for working is to supplement their family’s income. The study suggests feasible solutions and action plans based on the responses of stakeholders and the ongoing policies of both state and central governments, with the aim of improving their circumstances.