Estimates of genetic parameters and character association in F₂ segregating populations of Spanish × Virginia crosses of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

High GCV and PCV values were observed for plant height in the crosses viz., DRG-102 × TCGS-150, for number of secondary branches in K-3 × TCGS-150, K-3 × ICGV-88083, ICGV-91173 × TCGS-150, ICGV-91173 × ICGV-88083 and DRG-102 × TCGS-150, number of mature pods in K-3 × TCGS-150, K03 × ICGV-88083, ICGV-91173 × TCGS-150, ICGV-91173 × ICGV-88083 and DRG-102 × ICGV-88083, pod yield per plant in ICGV-91173 × ICGV-88083 and DRG-102 × TCGs-150, kernel yield per plant in K-3 × TCGS-150, K-3 × ICGV-88083, ICGV-91173 × TCGs-150, ICTGV-91173 × ICGV-88083 and DRG-102 × TCGS-150. All the crosses showed high heritability along with high GAM for plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, number of mature pods per plant, number of immature pods per plant, kernel yield per plant and harvest index. Pod yield showed significant positive association with days to maturity (0.268)), number of primary branches per plant (0.239), number of mature pods per plant (0.889), shelling percentage (0.252), kernel yield per plant (0.962), pod length (0.667), pod width (0.428) and harvest index (0.658). So these characters have considered as selection indices for the improvement of pod yield.