Legume Research - An International Journal
Web of Science
  • Year: 2021
  • Volume: 44
  • Issue: 6

Fumigant activity of four plant powders against cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (fabricius) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) in stored adzuki bean

  • Author:
  • Muhammad Bayu Mario1,2, Ludji Pantja Astuti2, Liang Jue-Hsu1, Lekhnath Kafle3*
  • Total Page Count: 6
  • Page Number: 667 to 672

1Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1 Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung912, Taiwan (ROC)

2Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang65145, Indonesia

3Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1 Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung912, Taiwan (ROC)

*Corresponding Author: Lekhnath Kafle, Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1 Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung912, Taiwan (ROC), Email: kafle@mail.npust.edu.tw

Online published on 22 July, 2021.

Abstract

Cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is one of most common species pest that attack various types of beans in the storage. Plant-based insecticides are considered as good candidates as alternatives to methyl bromide and phosphine for controlling pest in storage. Plenty of reports about plant powder as grain protectant, conversely a little information on plant powder as fumigant had been reported. This study was designed to observe the effects of plant powders of clove, holy basil, lemongrass and turmeric as fumigant on the biological parameters of C. maculatus under laboratory conditions.

Experiments were conducted on plant powders against biological parameters of cowpea weevil. No choice test method was followed to assess the bioefficacy of the four natural fumigants on adult longevity, fecundity, F1 progeny, bean damage and weight loss of bean under completely randomized design (CRD).

Fumigant toxicity of four plant powders (clove, holy basil, lemongrass and turmeric) varied amongst doses. Clove powder showed significantly lower adult longevity, fecundity of female, number of F1 progeny, bean damage and weight loss of bean at 1 g and 3 g dose per container. Major volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in clove powder were eugenol (48.64%) and caryophyllene (43.09%) identified by solid phase microextraction followed with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). These two major constituents might explain the fumigant toxic activities of clove powder towards C. maculatus biological parameters.

Keywords

Adult longevity, Clove, Cowpea weevil, Eugenol, Natural product, Plant powder, SPME-GC/MS, Volatile organic compound