Evaluation of Mungbean Mini Core Collection for Yield-Related and Seed Quality Traits

Mungbean serves as a chief source of dietary protein (22-28%), playing a vital role in alleviating malnutrition. Mungbean has a yield potential of 2.5-3.0 t/ha; however, the average yield remains significantly low due to various biotic and abiotic constraints, suboptimal crop management practices and the limited availability of quality seeds of improved varieties. The World Vegetable Center, Taiwan, holds one of the largest collections of mungbean accessions, which serves as a valuable resource for crop improvement.

The mungbean mini core collection (MMC), comprising 293 accessions of diverse origin obtained from World Vegetable Center was evaluated for yield and yield related traits during the 2023/24 and 2024/25 rainy season in alpha lattice design.

The study revealed significant (p<0.001) variation for yield and related traits. Among the accession VI003951 AG was the earliest flowering (31 days) and maturing in 59 days after sowing. The accession VI001244 AG recorded a 100-seed weight of more than 8.60 grams. In the GGE biplot analysis, accessions VI001728 AG (94), VI002432 AG (121), VI003019 BG (149), VI003886 BY (220) and VI003954 BG (233) were identified as the most stable genotypes and the accessions VI000461 BG (17) and VI004811 BG (270) as top performers during 2023/24 (E1), while VI000232 AG (10) and VI001400 AG (61) performed best during 2024/25 (E2). The green color (238 accessions) shiny seed lustre (158 accessions) and purple hypocotyls (244 accessions) were dominant in the MMC set. Overall, the study provides valuable insights for selecting superior and stable genotypes for mungbean improvement.