Assessing the Impact of Nano Chelates on Enhancing Physiological, Biochemical and Yield Characteristics in Pulses and Oilseeds: A Comprehensive Review

Pulses and oilseeds are essential elements of global nutrition and agriculture; however, micronutrient deficiencies and environmental stresses frequently limit their productivity. Conventional nutrient delivery methods often do not effectively provide crucial micronutrients such as iron, zinc, manganese and copper, particularly in difficult soil conditions. Nanotechnology, especially nano chelates, presents a promising solution by improving nutrient solubility, stability and bioavailability, which in turn enhances plant growth and resilience. This review compiles recent advancements in the application of nano chelates for pulses and oilseeds, emphasizing their beneficial effects on germination, vegetative growth parameters, physiological traits and biochemical processes. Nano chelates significantly boost the synthesis of chlorophyll a and b, increase soluble protein content, enhance antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD) and promote proline accumulation, all of which contribute to improved photosynthesis, stress tolerance and yield. Despite positive experimental findings that show increased biomass, canopy development and nutrient use efficiency in crops such as chickpea, mung bean, soybean, mustard and groundnut, challenges persist regarding field-scale implementation and long-term environmental interactions.